海地七级地震纪实

  2010年1月13日,七级地震重创加勒比海国家海地，是当地240年来最强烈地震。在重灾区首都太子港，大量建筑物被夷为平地，连总统府也倒塌.地震造成严重伤亡，单在一间酒店就活埋200人。有指 太子港，六成建筑用劣质材料兴建，完全没有抗震能力。联合国维和部队总部也被震塌，大量人员失踪。历时一分钟的地震，在当地时间下午4时53分发生，震中距离太子港西南方15公里。地震深度只有十公里，属于浅层地震。地震成因是北美板块向西移动，和海底所在的加勒比海板块相互堆积释放能量。国际红十字会估计，这个美洲最穷的国家，有多达300万人受灾。

On January 13th 2010, a magnitude 7 earthquake hit one of the Caribbean countries, Haiti, being the most disruptive earthquake in its past 240 years’ history. The earthquake occurred at 4:53pm local time, lasting for one minute. The capital of Haiti, port-au-prince was in one of the worst-hit areas, large numbers of buildings were razed to the ground, including the presidential palace. It is no doubt that the earthquake caused heavy casualties to the country, for example, a single local hotel buried over 200 people at one time. So people may ask what is the factor that contributed to such destructive disaster? An official report reveals that in port-au-prince, over sixty percent buildings were constructed by inferior materials, with no aseismic capacity at all. The Headquarter of the UN Peacekeeping Force had also been damaged and large numbers of people were missing. Not long after the earthquake happened, scientists confirmed that the epicenter locates 15 km southwest of port-au-prince and the focal depth is only ten kilometers from the surface.. The shallow seismic earthquake was caused by the plate-jam between Northern American and Caribbean plate. According to the estimation of the Red Cross, as the poorest country in Americas, the earthquake had davastating impact on more than 3 million people.

     没有医院、没有电力，甚至都没有。没食物、没电话、没食水，很多人死亡。七级大地震令海地变成人间地狱。首都太子港几乎被夷为平地，估计八成建筑物被摧毁。满目疮痍，死者曝尸街头。侥幸生还的亦无家可归。海地七级大地震造成超过10万人死亡，是历来死亡人数最多的十大地震之一。

No hospitals, no electricity, no phone, no food, no water. A lot of people died. The Seven Magnitude earthquake had made Haiti a hell on earth. The port-au-prince was flattened and over eighty percent of buildings were destroyed. Scarred buildings and dead bodies were all around the streets, the survived were left homeless. The 7 magnitude earthquake in Haiti had killed more than 100000 people, becoming one of the top ten severe earthquakes in terms of people died. 

海地7.3级的地震夺去了十几万人的生命,时隔半个月,智利传来8.8级地震消息，全世界陷入恐慌。虽然智利遭遇的是震源深度为34公里的浅源地震，但与海地仅10公里的震源深度相比，智利还是幸运的。而且海地地震震中首都太子港人口稠密，相比较而言，智利震中周围人口稀少很多。不过让智利人险中求生的关键还在于其自身丰富的抗震经验和良好的建筑质量。智利处于紧邻南美洲西海岸的纳斯卡（音）板块和南美洲板块交界的地震多发区。1960年智利曾发生过历史上最强烈的9.5级地震，但是海地人距离上一次太子港地震则有250万年。频繁的灾难让智利人积累了更全面的抗震减灾常识，而智利钢结构框架的建筑也有着全球最好的防震功能。此外，智利这个地震多发的国家还拥有全世界人均最多的地震专家。

Short after the Haiti's magnitude 7.0 earthquake killing millions of lives, Chile’s magnitude 8.8 earthquake had panicked the world again within just half a month. Although Chile also suffered a shallow earthquake with a 34 km focal depth, however, compared with Haiti’s 10 km focal depth, Chilean got lucky this time. The epicenter of earthquake in Haiti's capital port-au-prince are densely populated compared with that in Chile. But the public strongly believed that Chileans’ key wisdom to survival mainly lied in their richer seismic experience and higher quality of construction. Chile sits in the earthquake prone area, adjacent to the west coast of South America Nazca Plate and the South American plate. Dating back to 1960, Chile experienced the strongest magnitude 9.5 earthquake in its history, but Haitians’ last earthquake in port-au-prince was 2.5 million years ago. Frequent disasters impel Chileans to accumulate more comprehensive knowledge on earthquake resistance and in accordance to that, Chile’s steel structure framework of architecture is proved to be the world's best in terms of shockproof function. In addition, as one of the earthquake-prone countries, Chile also has the world's largest number of earthquake experts per capita.

尽管大地震来势汹汹，但由于智利多发地震、建筑物比较低矮 、抗震能力较强，街道也相对宽阔，为人们提供了避难的空间。不少圣地亚哥居民都得以在地震当中顺利逃生。

Although the earthquake stroke Chile abruptly, however, the low-story buildings, strong seismic capacity and relatively wide streets provided sufficient refuge space for the people. That explains the reason why so many San Diego residents had successfully escaped from the earthquake.

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